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ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ : 02-12-31 12:59
±Û¾´ÀÌ :
Á¶È«Áß (210.¢½.211.135)
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¢Ã Àå¾Ö¾Æ ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ½É¸®ÀûÀÀ ´Ü°è
°¡Á·ÀÇ ÀûÀÀ´Ü°è´Â óÀ½¿¡´Â µ¿Á¤°ú °ü½ÉÀ» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÇÑ 3´Ü°è·Î ¼³¸íµÇ¾úÁö¸¸ ³ªÁß¿¡ ÇìÀÌ(Hay, 1951)¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ ´çȲÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¼ö¿ë¿¡ À̸£±â ±îÁö 6´Ü°è°¡ Á¦¾ÈµÇ±âµµ ÇÏ¿´°í ±× ÈÄ Ä¿ºí·¯ ·Î½º(Kubler - Ross, 1969)°¡ Á×À½¿¡ °üÇÑ °íÀüÀûÀÎ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼ Á¦¾ÈÇÑ 5´Ü°è ¸ðÇüÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. Àå¾Ö¾Æ ºÎ¸ð´Â Ä¿ºí·¯ ·Î½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ ¨çÃæ°Ý, ºÎÁ¤, ¨èºÐ³ë, ¨é±³¼·, ¨ê ¿ì¿ï, ¨ë ¼ö¿ëÀÇ ´Ü°è¿¡ Àå¾Ö¾Æ ºÎ¸ð¿¡°Ô¸¸ ÀÖ´Â ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´Ü°èµéÀÌ ´õÇØÁø´Ù.
Àå¾Ö¾Æ ºÎ¸ð°¡ °Þ´Â ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ 10´Ü°è´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
¨ç¹«ÀǽĴܰè(unawareness): °¡Á·µéÀº ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ Àå¾Ö¸¦ ±ú´ÝÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. °¡Á· ±¸¼º¿øµéÀº À¯¾Æ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¿©´À ¾ÆÀÌ¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ´ëÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Ãâ»ý ½Ã ºÎÅÍ Àå¾Ö¾Æ·Î ÆǸíµÈ °æ¿ì ÀÌ ´Ü°è´Â °ÅÄ¡Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
¨è°ÆÁ¤´Ü°è(uneasiness): ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³²¿¡ µû¶ó ¾ÆÀÌ´Â ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ±â´ë¿Í´Â ´Þ¸® ÇൿÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ´Ü°è¿¡¼ ºÎ¸ð´Â ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ ¹ß´ÞÀÌ ´À·Á ¸¶À½ÀÌ ÆíÄ¡ ¸øÇϸç, ±×¿¡ °üÇÑ ¼³¸íÀ» µè°íÀÚ ³ë·ÂÇÑ´Ù. ºÎ¸ðµéÀº ´Ù¸¥ ¾ÆÀ̵é°ú ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾ÆÀ̸¦ ºñ±³Çϱ⵵ ÇÏ°í, Àü¹®°¡ÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» µè±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù.
¨é°¨Áö´Ü°è(conscious recognition): ºÎ¸ðµéÀº ÀÚ±âÀÇ ÀÚ³àµéÀÌ »óÅ°¡ ¾î¶°ÇÑ °ÍÀÎÁö ¾Ë¾Æº¸±â À§ÇØ ¸ðÀÓÀ» °á¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é¼µµ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àڳడ Àå¾Ö¾Æ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â »ý°¢À» ¶³ÃĹö¸®Áö ¸øÇϸç, ¡Û¡Û´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ ¸¶ÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ ¾ø¾î¼ ±×·¸´Ù´Â ½ÄÀ¸·Î ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
¨ê°£ÇæÀû ÀνĴܰè(casual recognition): ºÎ¸ð´Â ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ ¹®Á¦¿Í ±× °á°ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÀ» µè´Â´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ ¾î¶»´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾î´À Á¤µµ ÀÌÇØÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ Àå¾Ö¾Æ¶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ¸·Á°í Çϸç, ¿©ÀüÈ÷ Àå¾Ö¾Æ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â »ý°¢À» ¶³ÃĹö¸®Áö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.
¨ëºÎÁ¤´Ü°è(denial): ºÎ¸ð´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ Àå¾Ö¾Æ¶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ºÎÁ¤Çϸç, ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ ¼ºÀåÀ» µé¸ÔÀÌ¸é¼ Àü¹®°¡ÀÇ Áø´Ü ºÐ·ù°¡ Ʋ·È´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº Àü¹®°¡°¡ ¿ÀÁøÀ̾úÀ½À» ½ÃÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »õ·Î¿î Áõ°Å°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ±â¸¦ ±â´ëÇϸé¼, ´Ù½Ã º´¿ø¿¡ ã¾Æ´Ù´Ï±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ºÎÁ¤Àº ºÎ¸ðµéÀÌ °íÅë ½½ÇÄ µûÀ§¸¦ ÇÇÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¸Å¿ì Çö½ÇÀûÀÎ ½Ãµµ, Áï, ¹æ¾î±âÁ¦ÀÌ´Ù.
¨ìºÐ³ë´Ü°è(anger): ºÎ¸ð´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àڳడ Àå¾Ö¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ºÐ³ë¸¦ ´À³¢¸é¼, ±× ¿µÇâÀÌ Á¡Â÷ ¸íÈ®ÇØ Áü¿¡ µû¶ó ¿Ö ³ª¿¡°Ô ±×·± ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾ´Â°¡? ¶ó´Â Àǹ®À» ¶³Ä¡Áö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ´Ü°è¿¡¼ ºÎ¸ð´Â ÀÚ³àÀÇ Àå¾Ö ¶§¹®¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷À» ¹Ì¿öÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ÀÔÀå¿¡¼ º¼ ¶§, ¸¹Àº ½Ã°£À» ¼Ò¸ðÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í, °íÅëÀÌ µû¸£¸ç, ½ÅüÀûÀÎ Àγ»¸¦ °¨¼öÇØ¾ß ÇϹǷΠÇǷο¡ ÁöÃÄ ³ìÃÊ°¡ µÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ºÐ³ëÀÇ °¨Á¤ÀÌ Á¡Â÷ ¹è¿ìÀÚ, ÀÚ³à, Àå¾Ö¾Æ·Î È®´ëµÈ´Ù.
¨íµ¿Á¤, Àڱ⿬¹Î ´Ü°è(pity and self-pity): ºÎ¸ð´Â ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ Á×À½¿¡ ´ëÇØ, ±×¸®°í ±× ¾ÆÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ÀڽŵéÀÇ ²ÞÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁöÁö ¸øÇÑ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» µüÇÏ°Ô ¿©±â°Å³ª ¿¬¹ÎÀÇ Á¤À» ´À³¤´Ù. ºÎ¸ð´Â ÁßÁõ Àå¾Ö¾Æ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¿Á¤À» ´À³¢Áö¸¸ ºÒÇàÇÏ°Ôµµ ±× µ¿Á¤½ÉÀÌ ¼·Î °£¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡Áö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.
¨î±³¼·´Ü°è(bargaining): ºÎ¸ð´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àڳడ Àå¾Ö¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³¯ ¼ö Àֱ⸦ ½Å¿¡°Ô ±âµµÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é ÀúÀÇ ¾ÆµéµéÀ» Á¤»óÀÎÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾î Áֽñ⸸ Çϸé ÀÏ¿äÀÏ¿¡´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ±³È¸¿¡ ³ª°¡°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ȤÀº ÀúÀÇ µþÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ¾ÆÀ̵é°ú ¶È°°ÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØ ÁÖ½Å´Ù¸é ´Ù½Ã´Â ¾ÇÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ÀúÁö¸£Áö ¾Ê°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
¨ï¿ì¿ï´Ü°è(depression): ºÎ¸ð´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àڳడ ÁßÁõ Àå¾Ö¾ÆÀÓÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÒ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±× »óÅ°¡ ¿µ±¸ÀûÀ¸·Î Áö¼ÓµÉ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº Á¡Â÷ Àå¾Ö¿¡ ¼ö¹ÝµÇ´Â ¸ðµç Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ´ÙÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾î·Á¿ï »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àڳฦ ³¡±îÁö º¸»ìÇÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» »ý°¢ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
¨ð¼ö¿ë ÀûÀÀ´Ü°è(acceptance and accommodation): ºÎ¸ð´Â ÀÚ³àÀÇ ÀÖ´Â ±×´ë·ÎÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ¹Þ¾Æµå¸®¸ç, Àڳ࿡ ´ëÇÑ Àû±ØÀûÀÎ °èȹÀ» ¼¼¿ì±â ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÀÚ³àÀÇ ¹Ì·¡¸¦ °èȹÇÒ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀÚ³àÀÇ ±³À° ÈƷÿ¡µµ Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î Âü¿©ÇÑ´Ù.
¡ØÀÌ ´Ü°èµéÀº °¡Á·¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎÀûÀÀÀ̶ó±â º¸´Ù´Â ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ¿Ü»óÀ̳ª º¹ÀâÇÑ »ç°Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤»óÀûÀÎ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ °úÁ¤ Áß ¾î¶² ºÎ¸ð´Â À§¿Í °°Àº ´Ü°è¸¦ °ÅÄ¡±âµµ ÇÏ°í, ÇÑ ´Ü°è ȤÀº 2´Ü°è ÀÌ»ó ¶Ù¾î ³Ñ±âµµ Çϸç 9´Ü°è ÀÌÈÄ¿¡¼ 5´Ü·Î µÇµ¹¾Æ ¿À±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¾î¸Ó´Ï¿Í ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ´Ü°è¸¦ °ÅÄ¡Áö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ¾î¸Ó´Ï¿Í ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ Àå¾Ö¸¦ º¸´Â °üÁ¡ÀÌ ´Ù¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ºÎºÎ°£ÀÇ ÀÇ»ç¼ÒÅë, ¾ÆÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀûÀÀ, ºÎºÎ°ü°è µî¿¡ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù.
¢Ñ Ãâó:
±è»ï¼·(1996).ÁßÁõ Àå¾ÖÀÎÀÇ ±³À°°ú ÀçÈ°, ÀÌÈ¿©´ëÀÚ´ëÇб³ÃâÆǺÎ, p.303-306.
¢Ã ÀçÈ°(rehabilitation)
ÀçÈ°(Rehabilitation)À̶õ ´É·ÂÀå¾Ö ȤÀº »çȸÀû ºÒ¸®¸¦ ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â Á¦Á¶°ÇÀÇ ¾Ç¿µÇâÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÅ°°í, Àå¾ÖÀÎÀÇ »çȸÅëÇÕÀ» ½ÇÇö½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ñÇ¥·Î ÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç Á¶Ä¡¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. »ç¶÷´ä°Ô µÉ ±Ç¸®¿Í ÀÚ°Ý°ú Á¸¾öÀÌ ¾î¶² ¿øÀο¡ ÀÇÇؼ ¼Õ»óµÈ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ±× ±Ç¸®¿Í ÀÚ°Ý°ú Á¸¾ö µîÀ» ȸº¹ÇÏ´Â °Í. ÀçÈ°Àº Áö±Ý±îÁö »çȸº¹±Í ¶Ç´Â °»»ýÀ̶ó´Â µ¿ÀǾî·Î »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¿ø¸í ±×´ë·Î ¸®Çìºô¸®Å×ÀÌ¼Ç (rehabilitation)À̶ó°í ¸¹ÀÌ Ç¥±âÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¾î¿øÀûÀ¸·Î´Â Á¢µÎ»ç re(´Ù½Ã)¿Í ¾î°£ habilis(ÀûÇÕÇÑ, fit), Á¢¹Ì»çation(À¸·Î ÇÏ´Â °Í)À¸·Î µÇ¾î, '´Ù½Ã ÀûÇÕÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â °Í'À» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ÀçÈ°ÇùÀÇȸ´Â "½É½ÅÀå¾ÖÀÎÀÇ ½ÅüÀû, Á¤½ÅÀû, »çȸÀû, Á÷¾÷Àû, °æÁ¦Àû °¡¿ë´É·ÂÀ» ÃÖ´ëÇÑÀ¸·Î ȸº¹½ÃÄÑ ÁÖ´Â °Í", ½ºÄÚÆ® ¾Ë·£(W. Scott Allan)Àº "Àå¾ÖÀο¡°Ô ±×ÀÇ ÀáÀç´É·ÂÀ» ÀνĽÃÄÑ ±× ÀáÀç´É·ÂÀ» ȹµæÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» Á¦°øÇØ ÁÖ´Â °Í", ¸¶À̾(Julian S. Myers)´Â "Á¤¼Àû ÀûÀÀÀ» Çâ»ó½ÃÅ°´Â ÀáÀç´É·ÂÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ¿© È¿¿ë¼º°ú ÀûÀÀ¼ºÀ» ÁõÁø½ÃÅ°´Â Ä¡·á"¶ó°í Á¤ÀÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
¡¸ÀçÈ°À̶õ Àå¾ÖÀÎÀ» ÈÆ·ÃÇÏ¿© ȯ°æ¿¡ ÀûÀÀ½Ãų »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àå¾ÖÀÎÀÇ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀΠȯ°æ ¹× »çȸÀüü¿¡ °³ÀÔÇؼ ±×µéÀÇ »çȸÅëÇÕÀ» ¿ëÀÌÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
Àå¾ÖÀÎ ÀÚ½Å, °¡Á·. ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÌ »ç´Â Áö¿ª»çȸ´Â ÀçÈ°¿¡ °ü°èÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ¼ºñ½ºÀÇ °èȹ°ú ½Ç½Ã¿¡ °ü¿©ÇؾßÇÑ´Ù.¡¹
Definition of Rehabilitation(WHO,1981)
Rehabilitation includes all measures aimed at reducing the impact of disabling and handicapping conditions, and at enabling the disabled and handicapped to achieve social integration.
Rehabilitation aims not only at training disabled and handicapped to achieve social integration.
Rehabilitation aims not only at training disabled and handicapped persons to adapt to their environment, but also at intervening in their immediate environment and society as a whole in order to facilitate their social integration.
The disabled and handicapped themselves, their families, and the communities they live in should be involved in the planning and implementation of services related to rehabilitation.
(WHO,1981)
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