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·¹¿Â º£µå·Î Æù¼¼(Leon, Pedro Ponce, 1520?¢¦1584) ½ºÆäÀÎ º£³×µñÆ®ÆÄÀÇ ¼öµµ»ç¿´´ø Æù¼¼(Pedro Ponce de Leoón, 1520?¢¦1584)´Â 1545³â ±ÍÁ· ÀÚÁ¦ÀÎ 11¼¼ÀÎ ÇÁ¶õ½Ã½ºÄÚ(Francisco-Àþ¾î¼ Á×À½)¿Í 8¼¼ÀÇ º£µå·Î(Pedro)¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °í¾ÈÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊ·Î ³ó ±³À°À» ½Ç½ÃÇÏ¿© ±× ¼±±¸Àû ¾÷ÀûÀ» ³²±â°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
´ç½ÃÀÇ ½ºÆäÀÎÀÇ »ó·ù °è±Þ¿¡¼´Â Ç÷Á·°áÈ¥ÀÌ ¸¹Àº °ü°è·Î ¸¹Àº ³ó¾Æ°¡ Ãâ»ýÇß´Ù. º£¶ó½ºÄÚ°¡(Ê«)µµ 13¼¼±âÀÌ·¡ ÃÖ´ëÀÇ ±Ç·ÂÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ±ÍÁ·À¸·Î¼ 8¸íÀÇ ÀÚ³à °¡¿îµ¥ 5¸íÀÌ ³ó¾Æ¿´´Ù. º£¶ó½ºÄÚ°¡(Ê«)¿¡¼´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÚ³àµéÀ» ¸î ¸îÀÇ ¼öµµ¿ø¿¡ º¸³»¾î ±³À°ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¼öµµ»ç¿´´ø Æù¼¼´Â º°´Ù¸¥ ±³À°À» ¹ÞÁö´Â ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸ ¾àÃÊ ¹× ÀÚ¿¬ ÀϹݿ¡ ´ëÇØ °ü½ÉÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â °æ°ÇÇÑ »ýÈ°À» ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼öµµ»ç¿´´Ù. ±×´Â ¿À´Ï¾ßÀÇ »ê»ç¸£¹Ùµå¸£¼öµµ¿øÀ¸·Î ¿Å°å´Âµ¥ °Å±â¼ 2¸íÀÇ ³ó¾Æ¸¦ ¸¸³ª°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
±×ÀÇ Áöµµ¹ýÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°¾Ò´Ù. ¸ÕÀú ±×´Â ¾î¶² ¹°°ÇÀ» ¼Õ°¡¶ôÀ¸·Î °¡¸£Å²´Ù. ±× ¹°°Ç¿¡´Â À̸§ÀÌ ÀûÇô ÀÖ°í, ±× À̸§°ú »ç¹°°úÀÇ ´ëÀÀÀ» ÀÌÇؽÃŲ´Ù. ³ª¾Æ°¡ ±× ¹°°Ç°ú À̸§À» °ü·Ã½ÃÄÑ, ±× ¹°°ÇÀ» ¾²´Â ¿¬½ÀÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. ±× ´ÙÀ½ ´Ü°è¿¡¼´Â ¹®ÀÚ¿¡ »óÀÀÇÏ´Â ¹ßÀ½À» ¹Ýº¹ÇÏ¿© ¿¬½ÀÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×°¡ °¡¸£Ä£ º£µå·Î(Pedro)´Â ½ºÆäÀξî´Â ¹°·Ð ÇÁ¶û½º¾î¿Í ±×¸®½º¾î¸¦ ÀÐ°í ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç ´Ù¸¥ ¼öµµ»ç¿Í ÇÔ²² ¹ÚÀÚ¸¦ ¸ÂÃß¾î Âù¼Û°¡µµ ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù(ÔöÓöä¿¿Ü5, 1988. p.12-13).
³ó±³À°ÀÌ ½ºÆäÀο¡¼ ÀÌ·¸µí È°¹ßÇÏ°Ô ½ÃÀÛµÇ°Ô µÈ °ÍÀº À¯½ºÆ¼¾Æ´©½º¹ýÀü¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±ÔÁ¤µÇ¾î ³»·Á¿À´ø ¸»ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ³ó¾Æ¿¡°Ô´Â Àç»ê »ó¼Ó ±ÝÁö°¡ ±× ´ç½Ã ½ºÆäÀÎ »çȸ¿¡µµ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ °ü½ÀÀ¸·Î Åë¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ¾î ³ó¾Æ Àڳฦ µÐ ±ÍÁ·µéÀº ³ó ±³À°¿¡ ¿Á¤À» °®Áö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù(Winzer, 1993, p. 31).
¿ª»çÀû ±â¿øÀ» ÀÌ·ç´Â Ư¼öÇб³ ¼º¸³°úÁ¤À» Á¤¸®Çϸé, ¸ÕÀú 1760³â Abbe Charles Michel Épée(1712 - 1789)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ Æ¯¼öÇб³ÀÎ Æĸ®³óÇб³ÀÇ ¼³¸³, 1778³â Samuel Heincke(1727 - 1790)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Leipzig¿¡ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ °ø¸³ ±¸ÈÇб³ ¼³¸³, 1784³â Vanlentin Haüy(1745 - 1822)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Æĸ®¸ÍÇб³(the Royal Institution for Blind youth)ÀÇ ¼³¸³, 1817³â Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet(1788 - 1851)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹Ì±¹ Connecticut Harford¿¡ ¹Ì±¹ ³óÇб³(The Connecticut Asylum for Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb Persons)ÀÇ ¼³¸³, 1832³â Samuel Gridley Howe(1801 - 1876)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÆÄŲ½º ¸ÍÇб³(the Massachusetts Asylum for the Blind or Perking Institution for he Blind)ÀÇ ¼³¸³ µîÀÌ Æ¯¼öÇб³ ¼³¸³ÀÇ ¿ª»çÀû ±â¿øÀ» ÀÌ·ç°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í Á¤½ÅÁöü¾ÆÇб³´Â Édouard SéguinÀÌ ¹Ì±¹À¸·Î °Ç³Ê¿Í Howe¿Í ÇÔ²² 1850³â ¼³¸³ÇÑ Massachusetts School for the Idiotic and Feeble Minded ChildrenÀÌ ÃÖÃÊÀÌ´Ù.
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